On 12 September, the 17th session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People’s Congress passed the Atomic Energy Law of the People’s Republic of China. The law is due to take effect on 15 January 2026. Its aims are to ensure the peaceful research, development and utilization of atomic energy, advance scientific and technological progress and industrial upgrading, and promote high-quality economic and social development. The law also seeks to safeguard national security and enhance public well-being.

Structured in eight chapters comprising 62 articles, the law covers general provisions, research and development, nuclear fuel cycle, utilization, regulatory supervision, imports and exports, legal liability, and supplementary provisions.

The law stipulates that atomic energy research, development and utilization activities must be conducted under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. These activities must be carried out in accordance with a holistic approach to national security and a rational, coordinated and balanced approach to nuclear security. Worst-case scenarios, systems thinking, balanced development and security, and the protection of ecological environment, human health, and the safety of life and property must be taken into account.

(Source: NPC, Xinhua News Agency)